Rhetoric and Composition – Writing Textbook High School Extensions
The book contains a complete course in writing, from writing phases, drafting, editing, types of writing, to common phrases, word types, and improved use of English sentence structure, all explained in a simple, easy to understand way, with exercises.
The book is a composition effort by a variety of esteemed English professors, teachers, and students, produced from the online content at Wikibooks.
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Sample text from Rhetoric and Composition – writing textbook
Overview: The Writing Process
2.1 Overview
Writing is a complicated and often mysterious process. Although we may think of it as little more than arranging letters and words on a page, a few moments’ reflection reveals that it is much more than that. On the one hand, writing is an art–we don’t say Shakespeare’s language is “correct” but rather that it is beautiful. On the other hand, writing is a science– we want the instructions that came with our Blu-Ray player to be accurate, precise, and easy to understand.
Then there is the matter of what makes writing “good writing.” Although we might say that both an instruction manual and a play are “well written,” we appreciate them for different reasons. A play written in the clear, unambiguous language of an instruction manual would not be a hit on Broadway. In other words, writing must be judged according to its context–what is its purpose and audience? Finally, even readers with a great deal in common may not agree about the quality of any particular text, just as people’s opinions differ about which bands are really great. We really don’t know why people have such preferences and can’t make accurate predictions about what they will like or dislike. Simply put, writing isn’t simple.
If writing is so complicated and mysterious, can it be taught? Since Aristotle, great teachers have taught complex processes to their students by breaking them into smaller, more understandable processes. Aristotle thought that effective communication skills, like good math skills, can be learned and taught. Math teachers don’t teach trigonometry to their elementary students; instead, they begin with addition and subtraction. Everything else builds on those simple processes. No one is born a mathematician. Similarly, while luck certainly plays a role in any successful writer’s career, successful writers (or speakers) are not just born into the role–and everyone else is not just fated to flunk English. You can learn to write with substance and style. It takes work, but it is within your power. You have already taken the first step.
Most of what we know about writing is also true of speaking. Aristotle wrote a famous treatise on the subject of effective communication called “The Rhetoric.” This book is meant for speakers; however, teachers and students also have long used it to polish their writing. “The Rhetoric” is still widely read and applied today by people desiring to learn how to speak and write more convincingly to an audience. Your first-year composition course may even have the word “rhetoric” or “rhetorical” as part of its title. Aristotle taught us that rhetoric isn’t just about winning arguments. Instead, rhetoric is the ability to determine all the available means of persuasion at our disposal. Ultimately, it’s up to you to guess the best course of action, but rhetoric helps you make this a more educated guess.
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